Pius Ix
Original name �Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti � Italian head of the Roman Catholic church whose pontificate (1846 - 78) was the longest in history and was marked by a transition from liberalism to conservatism. Notable events of his reign included the declaration of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception (1854) and the sessions of the First
posted by StickySpade @ 11:28 PM
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